ABSTRACT
Maritime Search and rescue centers are the first centers to be urgently connected to after maritime accidents. These centers have duties such as search and Rescue, Medical first aid, Marine Pollution Control, and Maritime Safety Control. The increase in the number of vessels in the northwestern Persian Gulf and the passage through the Arvandrood crater and the occurrence of frequent maritime accidents in the area and the need to pay attention to the requirements of the provisions of the International Convention on maritime search and rescue (SAR) became an incentive for this article. The study was conducted using the questionnaire method and interviews with experts from Marine Search and rescue centers, marine communications experts, search and rescue vessel commanders and crew, emergency vessel commanders, as well as those involved in the Arvandkenar Marine Search and Rescue Center. The comparison of average ratings in the Friedman test showed that among internal factors, the highest average was assigned to personnel training with a rating of 4.83, and among external factors, the highest average was assigned to political conditions with a rating of 4.75. According to the results of the Eisenhower Matrix, the factors of human resources training, the updating of equipment, the political conditions of the region and the world, and the military and security conditions of the region, were included in the factors of importance and urgency, the existence of maritime search and rescue stations, the observance of maritime conventions, in the factors of importance and non-urgency, the cultural and social situation, in the part of low and immediate, and in the part of low and non-urgency, the factors of economic conditions of the people of the region.
 
1. INTRODUCTION
Due to the limitation of food and mineral resources on land and the need for the presence and expansion of human
activity in the seas, today more than 90% of the world's freight is transported by sea (Nobahar et al., 2020). Arvand Search and Rescue Center is located in Arvandkenar at a distance of 16 miles from the mouth of Arvandrood and in a geographical location: N 252 58 29 and E 369 30 048 after its establishment in 2018, it has led and completed more than 700 naval search and rescue operations in 16 years and has played a fundamental and undeniable role in saving
recovery, and rescue of valuable objects lost at the bottom of the deep sea, including black and white boxes of aircraft
and underwater vehicles (Zhang et al., 2019). Accordingly, serious attention should be paid to dealing with marine accidents and biographies in the Persian Gulf and domestic waterways and improving safety on these routes, as well as examining and recognizing the most important factors affecting this issue. Therefore, the study has tried to identify the priority of these factors while examining the determinants of marine biographies and accidents in the northwestern Persian Gulf and the vital role of the Arvand Maritime Search and Rescue Center.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

First, the effective factors are refined and selected using the Friedman test. In this test, the zero hypothesis is based on the uniformity of the mean rank. In the final step, these factors will be ranked using the Swara fuzzy method. Fuzzy SWARA will be used to prioritize factors that improve the efficiency of the Arvand Marine Search and Rescue Center. In this method, each specialist determines the importance of each criterion based on his implicit knowledge, information, and experience, so that the most important criterion will take first place and the least important of them the last place, and then the weight of each factor will be determined by the average value obtained for each of the criteria by the experts. The Swara method is based on the opinions of experts and is considered a judicial method. In this method, experts can consult each other, which makes the results obtained more accurate than the results obtained in other methods (Kiani-Mavi et al., 2017). The research data was also analyzed using SPSS, and Excel software, and finally, the most important factors affecting the Arvand Marine Search and Rescue Center were prioritized. The statistical community of this study includes marine communications experts, Marine Search and Rescue Center experts, search and rescue vessel commanders and crew, emergency vessel commanders, and accident victims, a total of 1,451 people. A random sampling method was used to determine the sample size. Using the Cochran formula, the sample size was 304.

RESULTS

First, the Friedman test was used to determine the average ranking of factors affecting marine search and rescue operations refine the factors, and select them. Based on the results of this test, the zero assumption that there was no difference in the average rating of the factors was rejected. Based on the results extracted from the Friedman test, four internal factors with the highest rated average and more importantly were selected as the main factors and variables in the internal factors section of the study, and all analyses were carried out on these factors. Comparing the average grades in the Friedman test shows that among the factors based on the results obtained from the Swara phase method, among the internal factors, four factors are human resources training, up-to-date and equipped floats, Marine Search and rescue stations, and following the comprehensive maritime regulations according to the maritime conventions with a final weight of 0.4526, 0.2939, 0.1643 and 0.0892, and among the external factors, four factors are the political conditions governing the world and the region, the military and security conditions of the region, the cultural and social conditions and economic conditions, especially economic conditions, Indigenous people with final weights of 0.5012, 0.2122, 0.1451 and 0.1415 are of the greatest importance, respectively.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

By combining the results obtained from the Swara fuzzy technique and the important points found in direct interviews with experts and specialists on the subject of maritime surveillance and rescue, the above-mentioned factors were included in the Eisenhower matrix based on importance and urgency. Based on this, the factors of manpower training, the up to date of equipment, the political conditions of the region and the world, and the military and security conditions of the region, in part of the most important and urgent factors, the existence of sea search and rescue stations, compliance with maritime conventions, In the most important and non-urgent part, cultural and social conditions were placed, in the less important and urgent part, and in the part of less important and non-urgent factors, the factors of the economic conditions of the people of the region were placed.

REFRENCES

Kiani-Mavi, R., Goh, M., and Zarbakhshnia, N., 2017. Sustainable third-party reverse logistic provider selection with fuzzy SWARA and fuzzy MOORA in Plastic industry. the International journal of Advanced Manufacturing, pp. 5-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-016-9880-x
Nobahar, M., Jamali, G., and Shadi, A., 2019. Ranking of factors affecting marine accidents of commercial ships in open waters using multi-criteria decision making techniques (case study: Persian Gulf and Oman Sea). Oceanography, 11(41). (In persian). http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/joc.11.41.101
Zhang, T., Han, G., Chen, Y., & Shu, L., 2019. Deep-Sea Search and Recovery with and without an Underwater Vehicle. Journal of Internet Technology, 20(6), pp.1837-1847. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2018-88