Abstract
To study the effect of button mushroom compost, chemical fertilizer, and superphosphate on head Kidney and some blood biochemical parameters in freshwater aquaculture, after transferring fish to pools with dimensions of one hectare with equal length and width with water height of two meters from a single source for two months, received button mushroom compost and chemical fertilizer. In each of the groups, about 20 pieces of healthy fish with the same biometric characteristics were taken. After performing the usual laboratory procedures, the separation of ALT and AST enzymes was assessed by a parsazmon laboratory kit. The ALP enzyme was also measured by nitrophenyl phosphate P, which is based on its ability to break phosphate groups in acidic pH. LDH, TG, Alb, COL, Na, K, and Ca were measured using the parsazmon laboratory kits and autoanalyzer device and TP levels were measured by the Bradford method. The levels of AST, ALT, Alb, and Ca in group two showed a significant decrease compared to the treatment group three in most of the species (p<0.05). LDH, COL, ALP, and Na did not differ significantly between the groups.TP, K, and TG in group two significantly increased compared to group three (p<0.05). According to the recent findings, it can be concluded that button mushroom compost can be used as a suitable substitute for chemical fertilizers in freshwater fish breeding ponds.
 
1. INTRODUCTION
Different species of the carp family have a special place in food items and people's nutrition due to the use of the first links of the food chain in water, the ability to grow quickly, wide adaptability, delicious meat, the need for minimal facilities and investment in its breeding and popularization (Oner et al., 2008). Button mushroom compost is a combination of various materials such as wheat stubble, chicken manure, gypsum, and some elements, which after the composting process, is used as a supplier of food necessary for the growth and development of mushrooms, and mushrooms can be decomposing compost, use the nutrients in it (Adams and forstick 2008).
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
To investigate the performance of button mushroom compost in tropical fish breeding ponds and compare it with chemical fertilizers, nine one-hectare ponds from Shahid Ahmadian's private sector breeding farms in Khorramshahr were investigated for two months. Urea or carbamide fertilizer is an organic compound with the chemical formula CO(NH2)2 in the form of white crystals that contains 46% nitrogen and is widely used in the agricultural industry as an additive for aquatic feed and nitrogen fertilizer. Urea fertilizer is one of the most widely used nitrogen fertilizers in the world. This substance is produced from the reaction between liquid ammonia and carbon dioxide under high pressure. Also, superphosphate fertilizer is one of the first common chemical fertilizers in agriculture, which contains nutrients (7-9% phosphorus, 11-12% sulfur, and 18-20% calcium) in the form of granules (Sadekarpawar and Parikh, 2013).
3. RESULTS
Based on the results of the factors measured in silver carp blood, it indicates that the values of ALT, AST, LDH, K, and Col are significant between treatments two and three at the level (p<0.05) compared to treatment one. Based on the results of ALT and AST in group three with the highest amount, LDH and K in group one with the highest amount, but Col in group two.
4. DISCUSSION
Researchers believe that composts can be an alternative method to reduce the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers and also prevent the development and evolution of bacteria resistant to antibiotics in aquaculture. Today, one of the new approaches in the aquaculture industry is the use of derivatives from composts of different origins with a wide range of antimicrobial and antioxidant properties that are becoming popular to maintain health and improve the growth and safety of aquatic animals. In a recent study that was conducted to investigate the effect of button mushroom compost as an organic substance and fertilizer with chemical origin on some blood plasma factors in four families of warm water-farmed carp, there were changes in the direction of improvement and vice versa during the period of its addition in the blood fish happened. According to the results obtained from the present research, it can be said that chemical fertilizers are considered a type of pollutant compared to the compost used for button mushrooms as auxiliary nutrition, which confirms the superiority of compost over chemical fertilizers (Gabriel et al. 2009).
References:
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