Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Performance Evaluation of Shahid Beheshti Port of Chabahar by Logistic Indicators

Document Type : Original Manuscript

Authors
Department of Maritime, Faculty of Marine Engineering, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran.
Abstract
Abstract
This research evaluates the performance of Shahid Beheshti Port of Chabahar with emphasis on logistics indicators in 2023-2024. The current status of the port and the priorities affecting its performance were investigated, by using the combined exploratory and descriptive method and analyzing the data collected from 31 logistics indicators. The results show that the port has a good situation in the areas of "service quality", "timeliness" and "ease of access to goods", but in areas such as "customer expected quality of port services", "goods delivery time", "shipping and multimodal transport", "airport", "use of new technologies for goods tracking" and "new inspection equipment" need improvement. Also, "service quality", "customer expected quality", "quality of roads inside and outside the port", "customs operations", "use of new technologies" and "satisfaction of shipping lines and goods owners" were identified as the most effective priorities on the performance of the port, respectively. The findings of this study can help the managers and policy makers of Chabahar’s Shahid Beheshti port to improve the performance and services of this port.
 INTRODUCTION
The world's ports today have witnessed various regulatory and technological changes that have caused instability and a competitive management environment in the ports sector. Currently, ports must increase performance standards in order to survive and operate in this competitive environment. Due to the activity of shipping lines and different cargo owners, there are different stakeholders in the port, which have caused the complexity of measuring the performance of the port in different dimensions. Ports play a vital role in maritime transportation. In order to better understand the performance of the port network and evaluate their status in the global supply chain, port stakeholders examine various performance indicators of ports, one of which is defined by the World Bank, which is logistics indicators.
The background of the research has been examined from both domestic and international aspects. According to the reviewed research, it was observed that the sub-branches of logistics indicators in ports have not been comprehensively identified, and in this research, by using the combination of all the indicators mentioned by different researchers, the sub-factors of logistics indicators were identified.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

Research method is a set of systematic techniques used in research. In other words, it is a guide to research and how to do it. In this section, first the research method is explained and then the steps of conducting the research are described in detail. At the end, the analytical hierarchy process and its implementation steps will be stated.
The present research has used a combination of two survey and case methods; because a questionnaire has been used to prioritize logistics indicators and a case study has been used to describe the logistics indicators effective on the performance of Shahid Beheshti port. This research has been done in two stages:

The first stage: The primary goal of this research was to identify logistics indicators that affect the performance of Shahid Beheshti port. Library method tools were used to achieve this goal. By reviewing secondary sources such as domestic and international articles, 31 logistics indicators were identified.
The second stage: The secondary goal of this research has been to prioritize the logistics index effective on the performance of Shahid Beheshti port. To achieve this goal, field method tools were used.

A total of 31 indicators were identified from the first stage, but only 28 were approved and were categorized in 6 group of factors. The main research questionnaire consists of two separate questionnaires A and B. In Questionnaire A, the secondary objective of the research (i.e. the status of Shahid Beheshti port) was evaluated in relation to logistic indicators. Finally, questionnaire B was prepared in order to prioritize the logistics indicators affecting the performance of Shahid Beheshti port using hierarchical analysis.

RESULTS

After preparing the questionnaire A and distributing it in person among the research sample, 48 of the 50 distributed questionnaires were completed by the respondents and returned to the researcher. In this section, the analysis of questionnaires has been done using descriptive and inferential statistics. In the descriptive statistics section, using Excel version 2013, the characteristics of the respondents have been checked. The second part has been done using inferential tests in SPSS version 19 software.
According to the collected data, and according to the result of the Kolmogorov-Smirinov test, the significance level of all indicators was greater than 0.05, which indicated the normal distribution of the data, therefore, the univariate T test was used in the inferential part, where H0: the status of Shahid Beheshti port in relation to each identified index is not suitable (significance level greater than 0.05) and H1: the status of Shahid Beheshti port in relation to each index identified will be suitable (significance level less than 0.05). The second questionnaire was employed to rank the importance of logistics indicators in Shahid Beheshti port.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

According to the literature and the background of the research, 28 logistic indicators affecting the performance of Shahid Beheshti Port of Chabahar were identified. To determine the status of Shahid Beheshti Chabahar port in relation to the identified logistics indicators, a one-sample T-test was used. In terms of quality of logistics services, tracking of goods, and timeliness, Shahid Beheshti Port of Chabahar has an unfavorable situation in terms of the quality expected by customers from port services and the duration of goods delivery, but in terms of the ratio of goods delivery to the missing amount, the time the transfer of goods from the port to the destination, the number of employees of each unit to respond to customers and to respond to customer complaints has a suitable situation. In terms of indicators, service quality was ranked first. After that, infrastructure and customs were placed in the second and third priorities. Tracking goods was placed in the last priority.
Keywords

Subjects


Azadbeshman, B., 2020. The impact of supply chain management and logistics capabilities on the operational and financial performance of Ports and Maritime Organization of Bandar Anzali. In 5th International Conference on Modern Research in Management, Economics, Accounting, and Banking, Tehran. (In Persian).
Blokian Roudsari, A., Hajati, P., Imamieh Langroudi, A., and Abdolahi, H., 2013. Evaluation of establishing a logistics center at the port. In 13th Traffic and Transportation Engineering Conference, Tehran. (In Persian).
Bolte, N.O. and Goll, D.C., 2020. Potential analysis of track-and-trace systems in the outbound logistics of a Swedish retailer. Thesis, Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-48986.
Chaohe, Z. and Lijie, Z., 2011. Logistics service quality evaluation. Communications in Information Science and Management Engineering, 1(1), pp.16-21.
Da Cruz, R.P., Ferreira, J.J. and Azevedo, S.G., 2013. Logistics resources in seaport performance: multi-criteria analysis. Maritime Policy & Management, 40(6), pp.588-613. https://doi.org/10.1080/0308883 9.2013.777979
Dare, T.O., Aubyn, L.N.A. and Boumgard, T., 2019. Analyzing, evaluating and improving the logistics performance index (LPI) of a country's economy: Case study: Nigeria, Ghana and Morocco. World Maritime University Dissertations, 1181.
De Faria, R.N.D., Souza, C.S.D. and Vieira, J.G.V., 2015. Evaluation of logistic performance indexes of brazil in the international trade. RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie, 16(1), pp.213-235. DOI:10.1590/167869712015/administracao.v16n1p213-235
De Langen, P., 2016. Other port industry and supply chain indicators. 7th Framework Programme, European Sea Ports Organisation (ESPO).
Devlin, J. and Yee, P., 2005. Trade logistics in developing countries: The case of the Middle East and North Africa. The World Economy, 28, pp. 435-456. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14679701.2005.00620.x
Díaz, C., 2021. Transport Infrastructure Quality and Logistics Performance in Exports. Economics, 9(1), pp. 107-125. https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2021-0008
Fouladi Mahtarkalateh, M., 2015. Comparative study of logistics in Chabahar port, Iran, and Gwadar port, Pakistan. Master’s thesis, Chabahar Maritime University. (In Persian).
Giacomini, C., Longo, G., Lunardi, A. and Padoano, E., 2016. AHP-Aided Evaluation of Logistic and Transport Solutions in a Seaport. Applications and Theory of Analytic Hierarchy Process: Decision Making for Strategic Decisions, pp.115-141. DOI: 10.5772/63686
Gidado, U., 2015. Consequences of port congestion on logistics and supply chain in African ports. Developing Country Studies, 5(6), pp.160-167.
Helmy Awad, E., 2021. Measuring logistics performance in ports: a case of Alexandria in Egypt. Master Thesis, World Maritime University.
Hosseini, S. Z., 2016. Determinants of global logistics ports: A comparison of development policies for ports in Taiwan, Korea, and Japan. In First National Conference on Humanities with a focus on management and resilient economics, Sari. (In Persian).
Hu, B., 2018. Application of evaluation algorithm for port logistics park based on PCA-SVM model. Polish Maritime Research, 25(s3), pp.29-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2018-0109
Igwenagu, C., 2016. Fundamentals of research methodology and data collection. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing.
Isik, M., Sarica, K. and Ari, I., 2020. Driving forces of Turkey's transportation sector CO2 emissions: An LMDI approach. Transport Policy, 97, pp.210-219.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.07.006
Khoshalhan, F., Sayari, H. and Kalantari, T., 2020. A Model of fuzzy cognitive maps of the lean - agile Maritime supply chain. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 19(1), pp. 80-95. Doi: 10.22113/jmst.2017.72353.1951
Madkour, T. Mohamed, S. and Dabees, A., 2020. The Impact of Logistics Performance Index on Trade Openness in Africa. International Journal of Management and Applied Science, 6(7), pp. 75-79.
Maleki, M., Adaltian Shahriari, J., Sohrabi, T. and Ghaffarzadeh, A., 2012. Selecting the most suitable logistics network for ports and shipping (Bandar Anzali) with a focus on developing logistics activity areas, dry ports, and logistics parks. In 14th Maritime Industries Conference, Tehran. (In Persian).
Martí, L., Martín, J.C. and Puertas, R., 2017. A DEA-logistics performance index. Journal of applied economics, 20(1), pp.169-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1514-0326(17)30008-9
Montwiłł, A., 2018. Analysis of the seaport value chain as a method for assessing its strategic potential. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 58, p. 01020). EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185801020
Muñuzuri, J., Onieva, L., Escudero, A. and Cortés, P., 2016. Impacts of a tracking and tracing system for containers in a port-based supply chain. Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management, 13(3), pp.352-359.https://doi.org/10.14488/bjopm.2016.v13.n3.a12
Nicolae, F. Cotorcea, A. Filip, A. Bucur, M. and Buciu, A., 2019. Performance measurement of the port logistics system. Scientific Bulletin of Naval Academy, XXII, pp. 382-391. https://doi.org/10.21279/1454-864x-19-i1-053
Ojala, L. and Celebi, D., 2015. The World Bank’s Logistics Performance Index (LPI) and drivers of logistics performance. Proceeding of MAC-EMM, OECD, pp.3-30.
Petrović, M., Jeremić, V. and Bojković, N., 2017. Exploring logistics performance index using I‐distance statistical approach. In 3rd Logistics International Conference‐LOGIC (pp. 160-165).
Rabiee, R., and Amin Nasri, M., 2015. Regression model of the six components of logistics performance index. In 12th International Industrial Engineering Conference, Tehran. (In Persian).
Raimbekov, Z. Syzdykbayeva, B. Mussina, K. Moldashbayeva, L. and Zhumataeva, B., 2017. The Study of the Logistics Development Effectiveness in the Eurasian Economic Union Countries and Measures to Improve it. European Research Studies Journal, XX (4B), pp. 260-276. https://doi.org/10.35808/ersj/8 89
Rezaei, J., van Roekel, W.S. and Tavasszy, L., 2018. Measuring the relative importance of the logistics performance index indicators using Best Worst Method. Transport policy, 68, pp.158-169.    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2018.05.007
Shamsuzzoha, A.H.M. and Helo, P.T., 2011, January. Real-time tracking and tracing system: Potentials for the logistics network. In Proceedings of the 2011 international conference on industrial engineering and operations management (pp. 22-24). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Skender, H. Zaninovi, P. and Štefani, A., 2020. The logistics performance analysis in European Union. Economics and Organization of Logistics, 5 (3), pp. 5–16. DOI: 10.22630/EIOL.2020.5.3.17
Talley, W. K., 2017. Port Economics. Routledge Publication. New York.
Xia, Y., 2021. Study on Evaluation of Port Logistics Service Capability of Qinhuangdao. IPEC2021, April 14–16, Dalian, China. https://doi.org/10.1145/3452446.3452519
Yusufkhonov, Z. Ravshanov, M. Kamolov, A. and Kamalova, E., 2021. Improving the position of the logistics performance index of Uzbekistan, E3S Web of Conferences, 264, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20212 6405028
Volume 24, Issue 3
Autumn 2025
Pages 15-30

  • Receive Date 21 July 2024
  • Revise Date 26 August 2024
  • Accept Date 01 October 2024
  • Publish Date 22 November 2025